Remzibi’s OSD Serial Communications

Serial Communications Overview
 

Opening the Serial Communications screen
    The serial cable communications screen can be accessed three ways.
    1) Click Tools, Serial Communication from the main screen
    2) Click “F6″ from the main screen
    3) Press the “Serial Communications” button on the main screen

    The serial communications screen has several functions. It can test the USB to serial port to verify that communications are working. It can upload your layout (BIN) information and fonts to the OSD. It can download from the OSD. Finally, it can calibrate the ADC’s, which will be explained further into this manual.

    The first step to using your OSD is to run a test to make sure the cable is able to communicate with the OSD correctly. When you run the software for the first time, it will prompt you to run this test. It is not necessary to run the test routine every time you program your OSD, only the first time or any time you are having problems communicating with the OSD.

Normal/Programming Modes
    Your OSD has two modes. “Normal” mode and “Programming” mode. If you connect power to the OSD without holding down the red button, you will boot in Normal mode. This is how you connect using the GPS or GPS emulator or to update the firmware. If you connect the power with the reset button pressed, you will enter Programming mode which is used for uploading, downloading and ADC calibration.

Connecting OSD in programming mode

USB TTL Driver DownLoad: PL2303_Prolific_DriverInstaller_v1210

Remzibi’s OSD Configuration Tool PC Software: http://www.happykillmore.com/Software/RemzibiOSD/Setup/Setup.exe

    Step 1) Connect your USB cable to your computer.
    Step 2) Connect your USB cable to the OSD.
    Step 3) Connect a battery to the +Power- connection while holding down the reset button on the OSD.
    Step 4) Release the reset button on the OSD.
    Step 5) Open the Serial Communications screen on the PC software.
    Step 6) Click the magnifying glass button (to find the COM port with the cable connected) and click Connect (or select the COM port manually and click conect).
    Step 7) From the “Serial Cable Setup” tab, click “Start Test.”

    If everything worked as expected, you should see “Status: Passed (Firmware v#.##)” If not, you’ll need to figure out if the operating system has a problem with the cable or if the wrong COM port has been selected.

Troubleshooting your USB to serial driver
    To troubleshoot a bad connection, you’ll need to open the “Device Manager” and expand the “Ports (COM & LPT)” branch and find the “Prolific USB-to-Serial Comm Port (COM##)” and make sure the OSD sofware is using the right COM port. If it’s missing from the device manager screen, you may need to reinstall the drivers which can be found in the C:\program files\Remzibi OSD\USB Programmer\1.12.35 folder on your computer. Try running Setup6858.1.12.35.exe again and disconnect and reconnect your USB to serial cable. That should add the driver to the Device Manager screen. If that doesn’t work, you might want to try a different USB port or you may have something wrong with your USB cable or operating system.

Show/Hide Communcations Log
    By clicking Show or Hide at the bottom left you can open or close the communications log. Generally, you will not need to see the specific commands being sent or received by the OSD. However, in specific cases, you can use this function to send commands directly to the OSD. If you click the Show button and enter “VER” (no quotes) and hit Send, the OSD should respond with the verision number in the box on the right.

Upload Program & Font

 
Uploading Program (BIN Files) & Fonts

    Step 1) Connect the OSD in programming mode (reset button down while connecting power).
    Step 2) Check one or more of the following options
        # Upload BIN (Program) Data – This will send your layout information to the OSD
        # Upload ADC Data (Gain & Min) – By selecting this you will overwrite your existing gain and min information from your previous calibrations. Generally, you do not want to select this option.
        # Upload Selected Font – If you have made a change to the font file or have a new font file on your computer you’d like to use, select this option.
    Step 3) Click Upload to OSD.

    Uploading the BIN (Program) Data will take about 30 seconds. Uploading the Font file will take about 4 1/2 minutes. Remember, you only need to upload the font files if you’ve made a change or want to upload a different font.

Downloading Program (BIN Files)
    Step 1) Connect the OSD in programming mode (reset button down while connecting power).
    Step 2) Click “Download from OSD”

    This process will grab the BIN file data from the OSD and overwrite what’s in memory on the PC. When you click Exit on the Serial Communications Screen, the layout will refresh and show you how things are configured on the OSD. Please be careful. If you’ve opened a file and have made changes, downloading from the OSD will overwrite what’s in memory and if you hit save, it will overwrite the file.

ADC Configuration (Basic)
    ADC stands for “Analog to Digital Converter” and is a built-in process on Microcontrollers (like the Atmel chip on this OSD). It’s purpose is to convert an analog voltage into a digital number so that a math function can be completed on it. The value of the digital number is not really important, but it is important to tell the microcontroller what that value means so it can display the correct value on the output. So an input of 12.0V on the analog input of the ADC may convert into 746 as a digital readout. That value is then scaled using a “Gain” value and adjusted using a “Min” value.

    On the Basic ADC Setup, you don’t have to worry about what the gain values or min values are, you only have to worry about the input voltage.

    Each ADC has an alarm value which will cause the header symbol in front of the ADC’s value to flash. By default the Voltage-Motor (ADC0) and Voltage-Video (ADC1) are set to the “Less Than” alarm type meaning when the voltage drops below the alarm value, the symbol will flash.

Using the Basic ADC Setup

    Step 1) Connect the OSD in programming mode (reset button down while connecting power).
    Step 2) Using a Multi-meter (preferrably NOT a Watt-meter), measure the voltage on two battery packs.
    Step 3) Connect the battery packs to the OSD.
    Step 4) Open the Serial Communications screen and select Basic ADC Setup.
    Step 5) Click “Start Polling” (This will start asking the OSD for the current ADC values for both Vvid and Veng batteries).
    Step 6) Highlight “Voltage-Motor” and type the battery’s votage (ie 12.0) in the current voltage field and an alarm value (ie 9.0) in the alarm value field.
    Step 7) Highlight “Voltage-Video” and type the battery’s votage (ie 12.0) in the current voltage field and an alarm value (ie 9.0) in the alarm value field.
    Step 8) Click “Program OSD”

ADC Configuration (Advanced)
    For those users who wish to attach other devices to the OSD, the Advanced ADC is for you. Temperature sensors, current sensors, RSSI (RX signal strength) or any other sensor (with the exception of Frequency Counter – which has it’s own dedicated object on the OSD) can be connected as long as it puts out an analog voltage based on it’s measurement. You’ll need to include a resistor and possibly a capacitor between the sensor and the OSD board to protect the OSD’s microcontroller. For more information, please read the Poor Man’s OSD thread on RCGroups.com.

    You are going to need be able to make the sensor function while using the Advanced ADC setup in the OSD’s software. The two critical items are the “min” value which means “what is the zero value” and be able to make the sensor function as close to the max as possible to adjust the “gain” value.

Using the Advanced ADC Setup

    Step 1) Connect the OSD in programming mode (reset button down while connecting power).
    Step 2) Open the Serial Communications screen and select Advanced ADC Setup.
    Step 3) Click “Start Polling”
    Step 4) Put the sensor in it’s zero state. Read the “Current ADC” value and try this into the “Min Value” field.
    Step 5) Put the sensor in it’s max state.
    Step 6) Click the “Desired Output” field and enter what you’d like to be shown when the sensor is at it’s max (ie 100).
    Step 7) Enter an alarm value.
    Step 8) Click “Program OSD”

Positive Gain
    Above, we assumed that the max ADC value is greater than the min ADC value. This means we have a positive gain. If the max ADC is less than the min but you’d like to view it as 0-100 where 100 is the max, see the Negative Gain section below.

    In the steps listed above, the Gain value was automatcially calculated when the “Desired Output” field was modified. It doesn’t have to be done this way. Here is another way: Let’s say a temperature sensor puts out a digital value of 129 when it’s at 0癈 and a digital value of 563 at 100癈. We could enter 129 for the “Min Value.” To calculate the Gain, we take Output / (ADC – Min) = Gain = 100 / (563 – 129) = 0.23041.

    So as an example, if the ADC reads 412 then the output = (ADC – Min) X Gain = (412 – 129) X 0.23041 = 65.2癈.

Negative Gain
    Let’s say you’re trying to use the RSSI (Received signal strength indication) output from your RX and the peak/max ADC value is 322 and the min ADC value is 840. But you’d like to show 0 when there is no signal and 100 when there is peak signal. You need to use a negative gain in this situation.
    In this situation, you’ll need to enter the min ADC value (ie 840) in the “Min Value” field.
    Then you’ll need to calculate the gain. Gain = Output / (ADC – Min) = 100 / (322 – 840) = -0.19305.

So in the example above:
    If the ADC reads 711, Output = (ADC – Min) X Gain = (711 – 840) X -0.19305 = 24.9% (This would be a low signal strength)
    If the ADC reads 405, Output = (ADC – Min) X Gain = (405 – 840) X -0.19305 = 84.0% (This would be a high signal strength)

Frequency Counter
    The frequency counter does not use the Serial Communications window. It is configured directly from the main screen by highlighting the “Frequency Counter” object and entering a gain value in the gain field. Typically, this will be 1 / {Number of detectors}. So if you’ve got a detector on each of your 3 blades on a propellor, your gain will be 1 / 3 = 0.33333 so for every revolution, the sensor will trigger 3 times X gain of 0.33333 = Actual RPM.

Remzibi’s OSD Updating Firmware

Updating the OSD’s Operating System
    The OSD’s operating system is called the Firmware. When new updates are posted, the update script will prompt you upon starting the program that there is a new version of the firmware. It is highly recommended that you load this new version.

    NOTE: The update routine is VERY flaky and does not like to be interrupted. Is it suggested that you do NOT click away from the update firmware screen during the udpate process. If the process fails, no harm has been done, you’ll just need to start it over again.

    Using the Firmware Update Routine
    Step 1) Select COM Port and Click Connect
    Step 2) Select Source Firmware File (latest version will be automatically selected)
    Step 3) Connect USB Serial cable to OSD board
    Step 4) Connect a battery.

    The update process should start automatically. If you get a failure, please disconnect the battery and reconnect it. If it continues to fail, please follow the directions below to use the MegaLOAD software.

Using the MegaLOAD software

    Some users have reported serious trouble getting the Firmware Update routine to work from the OSD software. So to get around this issue, the OSD software includes a copy of the MegaLOAD software from MicroSyl.com who is the author of the Bootloader (a small piece of code pre-loaded on the OSD board to allow these firmware updates to work).

    To open the MegaLOAD software, click Tools, MegaLOAD from the Main Menu. By clicking this, your layout/configuration information will automatically be converted into a HEX format that the MegaLOAD software can read (Called “File to be programmed in the EEPROM”). It will also automatically set the COM port to the same one specified in the OSD software.

    To begin the firmware update, simply connect a battery (without holding down the reset button). The firmware update and program upload should happen immediately.

    Please Note: MegaLOAD does not replace the OSD software, it is a tool for those who are having trouble getting the firmware update routine to function.

USB TTL Driver DownLoad: PL2303_Prolific_DriverInstaller_v1210

Remzibi’s OSD Configuration Tool PC Software: http://www.happykillmore.com/Software/RemzibiOSD/Setup/Setup.exe

Remzibi’s OSD Font Editor

Editing Font Files
    Remzibi’s OSD board makes use of a MAX7456 chip which allows users to define their own font files. Each font file is made up of 256 characters which are 12X18 pixels each. Remzibi makes use of two different size fonts which are set at a fixed location.

    Large Fonts begin at character h01(#2) and end at h24(#37).
    Small Fonts begin at character h81(#130) and end at hA4(#156).

    All other characters can be redefined. One thing to note is that Variometer and Direction Home make use of a series of images in a specific order. So it is important to pay attention to the characters following the selected character.

    Only white and black pixels are actually displayed on the screen through the OSD board. All transparent pixels will show the input video image.

 
Show Dual Characters
    X Graphic objects and Direction Home symbols have two characters shown next to each other when displayed. Checking the Show Dual Characters check box will make it easier to edit the pair of characters.

Save Character / Save Font Set
    Clicking save character will only store the pixel changes made to one specific character in memory. To save the font file to disk, either click Save Font Set which will save over the existing font file or click Save As… and enter a different name for the font file.

 
Basic Tools
    Set All Black/White/Transparent – Clears contents of character and set all pixels to selected color.

    Inverse Colors – Will set all white characters black and all black characters white.

    Flip Vertically/Horizontally – Reverses or flips character upside-down.

    Nudge Up/Down/Left/Right – Bumps the character one pixel up, down, left or right. This same function can be accomplished with the arrow keys.

    Copy/Paste Character – Entire characters can be moved to other locations or copied, pasted and edited to create a new character.

Remzibi’s OSD Main Screen

Configuring your OSD’s Layout
    The software’s main screen has a series of display objects that can all be configured individually. Each object has a visible, row and column selections as well as other parameters that are specific for that object.

    There is a grid available from the menu: … View … Show Grid. This grid may be toggled on or off as desired.

    Objects can be selected from the list of available displays on the left or simply by clicking on the item you would like to edit. The selected object will be shown in yellow. Objects can also be dragged and dropped anywhere in the visible area.

    Most objects (with the exception of the graphic objects) have a slider bar shown in the parameters area. This slider is simply for testing purposes and will not have any effect on the saved BIN file.

    You can select as many or as few display objects as you’d like. One thing to keep in mind is that each television will display a different number of rows so it might take some adjustment towards the center of the screen to make everything visible on your TV or monitor. If you’re using a software video capture adapter (ie EasyCAP) then all columns and rows will be visible.

    Once you have adjusted the display objects to your liking, click File, Save BIN File As… and give it a logical name.

    Your next step is to upload your new configuration file (BIN File) to the OSD hardware. Click Tools, Serial Communications to upload the BIN file.
Available Displays
    The available display object list allows selection of individual items that can be configured. Some items like “Title Screen Text” only appear during the initial bootup of the OSD.

    The X Graphic objects are simply static graphics on the screen. They could be letters to show text or perhaps a sight to show the center of the display.

    All other displays show some aspect of real time data. Many have the ability to select different graphics that are shown before the real time data (ie: Speed and Distance Home). Others only show the data itself (ie: Latitude and Longitude). Simply click on one of the available displays in the list and you can tweak the parameters to your liking.

The following displays are currently available:
    Altitude (GPS): Optional Header Symbol, Data (from GPS in meters or feet selected in options), Optional Footer Symbol
    Azimuth (Angle from Base Station): Optional Header Symbol, Data in degrees (NOTE: This is the location of the plane in the sky from the perspective of the base station), Optional Footer Symbol
    Direction Home: Graphical arrow indication which way is home (Arrow positions depends upon font file – H50 thru H6F)
    Distance Home: Optional Header Symbol, Data (meters or feet selected in options), Optional Footer Symbol
    Frequency Counter (Hall effect sensor): Optional Header Symbol, Data (whole number RPM’s from external sensor), Optional Footer Symbol
    Heading (GPS): Optional Header Symbol, Data in degrees (from GPS, not magnetic), Optional Footer Symbol
    Latitude: Latitude GPS position (format DDMM.MMMM D=Degrees, M=Minutes)
    Longitude: Longitude GPS position (format DDDMM.MMMM D=Degrees, M=Minutes)
    Run Time: Optional Header Symbol, Data (Minutes:Seconds), Optional Footer Symbol
    Satellites: Optional Header Symbol, Data (Number of satellites located), Optional Footer Symbol
    Speed (Ground): Optional Header Symbol, Data (from GPS in MPH or KM/H selected in options – indicates ground speed not air speed), Optional Footer Symbol
    Title Screen: Text Shown on Boot-up of OSD
    UTC Date: Optional Header Symbol, Data (Universal Date (GMT) format ddmmyy), Optional Footer Symbol
    UTC Time: Optional Header Symbol, Data (Universal Time(GMT) format hhmmss), Optional Footer Symbol
    Variometer (Rate-of-climb inidcator): Indicator for up or down changes in altitude. The number shown is feet/s or meters/s based on the meters or feet option selection. (NOTE: This does NOT require additional hardware and is based solely on changes detected by the GPS)
    Voltage – Motor: Optional Header Symbol, Data (Voltage on secondary ADC input), Optional Footer Symbol
    Voltage – Video: Optional Header Symbol, Data (Voltage on primary ADC input), Optional Footer Symbol
    X ADC2 – X ADC6: Optional Header Symbol, Data (Configurable via min and gain values), Optional Footer Symbol
    X ADC7 Virtual (mAh Counter for ADC6): Optional Header Symbol, Data (Running MAH count based on current sensor on ADC6), Optional Footer Symbol
    X Graphic 01 – X Graphic 32: Static graphic (2 characters)

 
Parameters

    Parameters allow individual display objects to be adjusted to the user’s liking.
    Visible – Checked will display object, unchecked will hide object
    Column – Column number. This can also be set by dragging & dropping the object.
    Row – Row number. This can also be set by dragging & dropping the object.
    Text Size – Small or large. There are two font sizes used by the OSD in the font file.
    Header – Symbol will show a graphic before the object’s data, Label allows for text before the data.
    Label – This defines what text will appear before the data.
    Symbol – Click on the picture box to select the symbol from the font list.
    Alarm Type – “Less than” or “Greater than”. If set to “less than”, any time the output value drops below the alarm value setting, the header symbol will flash. If set to “Greater Than”, any time the output value goes above the alarm value setting, the header symbol will flash.
    Alarm Value – Altitude, Distance from Home, Voltage – Video and Voltage – Motor all have alarms. In the case of Altitude and Distance, if the data value goes higher than the alarm value, the symbol will flash every second. With voltage, the symbol will flash when the data value drops below the alarm value.
    Format – “0″ or “0.0″. If you want a decimal place on your ADC output, select “0.0″ or for whole numbers only, select “0″.
    Arrow Positions – The direction home object shows an arrow graphic that points the way home. Different font files may have a different number of steps for the arrow graphic. These appear in the Font File from H50 to H6F. Typically, there will be 12 or 16 arrow positions. To determine how many arrow positions there are, count the number of arrow graphic pairs are present on the font file (Tools, Font Editor) between H50 and H6F.
    Note: As of v2.1.0 of the Configuration Software, the arrow positions value is fixed at 16.

Remzibi’s OSD GPS Setup

NMEA Sentences
   

NMEA based GPS units have the ability to send multiple packets of data called NMEA sentences. Each of these sentences can be enabled or disabled along with the frequency of the sentence by changing the value in the combobox. If you specify “0″ then this sentence if disabled. If “1″ is specified, then one sentence is sent every so many milliseconds which is configured through the Hertz setting.

    For example, If RMC is set to 3 and Hertz is set to 5, then every 200ms (1 sec / 5) the GPS will send it’s sentences. Since RMC is set to 3, the RMC sentence will get sent every 3rd cycle or every 200ms X 3 = 600ms.

    For Remzibi’s OSD to function correctly, RMC and GGA should be set to at least a value of “1″ (not “0″). All other sentences will be ignored by the OSD. However, if you are using the output of the GPS for another device along with the OSD, you may want to turn other sentences on.

    By turning on additional sentences, you are using up more “bandwidth” on the GPS serial channel. If you turn on too many sentences and the baud rate is too slow, you will “swamp” the serial port and the GPS will be attempting to send more messages than is physically possible at that baud rate. Please pay attention to the bandwidth value for your GPS’ baud rate.

    For specific information about NMEA sentences, please check out this website: http://home.mira.net/~gnb/gps/nmea.html.

    NOTE: Configuring NMEA sentences is only available in firmware 1.63 and newer.
GPS Hertz
    The Hertz of the GPS is the speed in which NMEA sentences are sent. By specifying 1Hz, 1 message will be sent per second. At 5Hz, that’s 5 messages per second or 200ms. The recommended Hertz setting is 5. On the OSD there is little benefit to going above that and you do run the risk of causing problems (especially at 10Hz) on the serial port if there is static or interference.

    NOTE: Configuring GPS Hertz is only available in firmware 1.63 and newer.
Other Commands
    The Remzibi’s OSD can be configured with your own PMTK commands or other GPS commands. You will need to use ALT+Enter after each line. The software will convert this from a CRLF to a CHR(0) as is required by the OSD firmware. If the command requires a checksum that too must be manually calculated and entered in the Other Commands field.

    There are exactly 128 characters available in the BIN file for PMTK commands. By turning off other defaults (like NMEA sentence setup, SBAS, etc) you can free up as much as 128 characters for the “Other Commands.”

    NOTE: Configuring “Other Commands” is only available in firmware 1.63 and newer.
Specific PMTK commands
    The software sends the following commands as defaults:
    $PMTK314,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0*28 – NMEA Setup
    $PMTK313,1*2E – SBAS Enable
    $PMTK301,2*2E – DGPS Mode
    $PMTK220,200*2C – Hertz
    $PMTK330,220*2E – Datum

    $PMTK251,38400*27 – Baud Rate (NOTE: Only sent on firmware older than 1.63 but not actually used)
GPS Datum
    At the time this was written, there were 24 GPS satellites orbiting the earth. The GPS unit has 222 different regions that can be used as an offset for these GPS satellites. By selecting the right datum, you will be able to increase the accuracy of your lat and long positions when referring to a map. A datum is essentially an offset value for disagreements in a “zero point” that have occurred over the years. If all map makers agreed about where the zero point was located, it would be easy enough to say, “start at the zero point and go West this far and North this far.” The trouble is, the powers that be have changed the starting point a few times over the years (the prime meridian once ran through Paris France instead of Greenwich England, for example).

    Selecting the wrong Datum will not have any ill effects on your OSD, it will just have an offset of up to 200 meters if you plug your lat & longs values into Google Earth (for example). Google Earth uses WGS84 (Datum #220 on your OSD). So if you plan on plugging in your OSD lat & long coordinates into Google Earth, I suggest you use the 220 Datum on your OSD.

Here are some good sites that explain datums and why you need them:
Datums Explained: http://www.alpharubicon.com/prepinfo/mapdatumwmerrin.htm
Datum Offset: http://earth-info.nga.mil/GandG/coordsys/onlinedatum/indexmap.html
Satellite locations: http://www.nstb.tc.faa.gov/Full_WaasSatelliteStatus.htm

Remzibi’s OSD Getting Started

To get your OSD board up and running, you will need the following:
1) R/C Plane well suited for FPV.
2) Video Transmitter and Receiver.
3) Video camera .
4) Video goggles or DVR for viewing/recording.
5) Remzibi’s OSD

USB TTL Driver DownLoad: PL2303_Prolific_DriverInstaller_v1210

Remzibi’s OSD New BIN File Defaults

Remzibi’s OSD BIN Files/Font Files and HEX Files  
    BIN files – Short for “Binary Files” are simply data files that hold the configuration information for the Remzibi’s OSD. They are transmitted to the Remzibi’s OSD using Tools, Serial Communications.

    Font Files – These files are used by the MAX7456 video chip to upload the font available on the Remzibi’s OSD. They can be edited by clicking Tools, Font Editor and can be uploaded using Tools, Serial Communications.

    HEX Files – Firmware files for the Remzibi’s OSD board. These get uploaded to the bootstrap on the ATM microcontroller and contain the programming for the Remzibi’s OSD. These files can be uploaded by clicking Tools, Update Firmware. 

Remzibi’s OSD Preferences 
    Clicking File, Preferences will allow you to specify some defaults when creating a new BIN file. These settings only apply when clicking File, New BIN File.

    For an explanation of what each option means, please see Options and GPS Datum 

Remzibi’s OSD Options  
    Video Mode – NTSC or PAL. With PAL systems, you have 16X30 characters in the display grid. With NTSC, you have 13X30 characters.
    Meters/Feet – Meters will set the OSD to use KM/H for speed and meters for altitude and distance to home. Feet will set the Remzibi’s OSD to use MPH for speed and feet for altitude and distance to home.
    Use home as Zero Altitude – Checked will zero the GPS’ altitude after pushing the button on the Remzibi’s OSD board making the ground 0. Unchecked will use the GPS’ calculated altitude above sea level as the starting altitude.
    Set auto home on bootup – Checked will wait for the specified satellites to be located and will automatically set the home position (same as pushing the button). Unchecked will require the user to push the button to set the home location.
    Satellites for Auto Home – Specifies the number of satellites required to automatically set the home position (requires Set auto home on bootup to be checked).
NOTE: This value is actually “more than or equal to. So if you select 6, it will auto-home when more than or equal to 6 satellites are found.
More info can be found in this FAQ question.
    Position Format – There are two different formats for GPS lat & long coodinates. Google Maps uses DD.DDDDDD by default.
    Summary Display – After this number of seconds at zero speed, the Remzibi’s OSD will display a summary screen with max values for Altitude, Distance from home and Speed. If this value is set to 0 it will not show the summary screen. 

 Remzibi’s OSD Video Modes 
    There are two video modes used in the world today. This defines the number of rows available to print graphics as well as the refresh speed of the video output (which is why it flashes when you view a PAL device on an NTSC screen). NTSC has 13 rows and PAL has 16 rows.

    The Remzibi’s OSD, by default, is set to use the PAL video mode. If you find that the display is blinking when you first connect/wire it up, you will need to hold down the button for one second and release it to change video modes.

    NTSC – Used in U.S.A, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Japan, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, South Korea, Taiwan

    PAL – Used in Afghanistan, Algeria, Argentina (N), Austria, Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil (M), China, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Liberia, Malaysia, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, New Guinea, Pakistan, Poland, Singapore, South Africa, South W. Africa, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, Uganda, United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, Yugoslavia, Zambia